VPN protocols and routing: connect the concepts

Build a useful understanding.

A tunnel protocol and a routing rule answer different questions. One concerns the connection technology; the other concerns which traffic is directed through that connection. Performance adds another set of observations involving the device, network, endpoint, and task. This reading path brings the concepts together while keeping their boundaries clear.

Start with WireGuard and OpenVPN to understand the protocol menu. Continue to split tunneling when the question is application coverage or a deliberate exception. Use the speed guide when you need to compare outcomes under consistent conditions. Each article encourages one-variable experiments rather than treating a protocol name as a universal result.

Keep implementation in view. A feature available in one app or on one operating system is not automatically available everywhere else. Read the provider's exact documentation, record what you have tested, and leave untested cases marked as such. A clear account of a particular setup is more useful than an oversized claim about all VPNs.